An anterior tibial stress fracture is one of the most serious stress fractures in runners and jumping athletes. It occurs along the front (anterior cortex) of the shin bone — an area under high tension and with a poor blood supply. When a fracture line develops here, it can appear on an X-ray as [...]
An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the leg is an uncommon but important cause of leg pain and swelling. Because they can resemble an ordinary sports injury, these lesions sometimes present first to a musculoskeletal or sports medicine practitioner. So what is an AVM of the leg, how does it present, and how is it [...]
Iliac artery endofibrosis (IAE) is a rare but significant condition affecting endurance cyclists and runners. This vascular disorder — associated with repetitive strain and high-intensity exercise — can compromise blood flow to the legs, causing pain and reduced performance. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment is essential for athletes wanting to maintain performance and [...]
Two of the most common causes of shin pain in runners and athletes are shin splints and stress fractures. The symptoms overlap, so telling them apart can be tricky — yet it matters, because the two are treated very differently. Here's how we determine shin splints vs stress fractures, and how we treat each. [...]
